Perkawinan Resiprokal Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) untuk Mendapatkan Generasi Terbaik pada Seleksi Famili
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15578/bjsj.v7i1.15561Keywords:
pemuliaan, resiprokal, seleksi famili, vanameAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan 11 famili calon induk yang terbaik berdasar sintasan PL10. Tiga sumber Daya Genetik/SDG (Aa,Bb,Cc) yang masing-masing 120 pasang dikawinkan resiprokal. Sebagai kontrol dikawinkan SDG Kk yang terdiri 15 pasang. Perkawinan dilakukan di 8 bak @10 m2. Pemijahan dilakukan di 40 bak @220 liter. Pakan induk berupa cacing laut dan tiram. Pemeliharaan larva dilakukan pada 50 bak @600 liter dengan kepadatan 100 ekor/liter. Pakan larva berupa fitoplankton, pakan buatan dan nauplius artemia. Pemijahan selama 3 hari menghasilkan induk matang gonad 72 ekor (7,6%/hari), induk kawin 34 ekor (47,2%), induk mijah 32 ekor (94,1%), rerata fekunditas 157.063±36.565 butir/induk, produksi naupli 106.414±41.399 ekor/induk dengan daya tetas 69,4±21,7%. Dari 32 pemijahan yang mampu menetas 29 famili, nauplius yang layak ditebar terdiri 27 famili dan menghasilkan 22 famili PL10 dengan rerata sintasan 60,2±20,3%. Dari 22 famili diambil 11 famili keturunan induk hasil seleksi dengan sintasan terbaik dan 1 famili kontrol yaitu Ca1;Cc1;Ca3;Aa2;Bc2;Cb2;Bb3;Cc4;Ab2;Ab3;Cc2 dan Kk2 dengan sintasan masing-masing famili 89%;86%;79%;77%;76%;75%;71%;70%;70%;68% dan 63%.
References
Afrianto, S. & Muqsith, A. (2014). Manajemen produksi nauplius udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) di Instalasi Pembenihan Udang (IPU) Gelung Balai Perikanan Budidaya Air Payau (BPBAP) Situbondo, Jawa Timur. JSAPI. 5(2), 53-64.
Argue, B. J., Arce, S. M., Lotz, J. M., & Moss, S. M. (2002). Selective breeding of pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) for growth and resistance to taura syndrome Virus. Aquaculture, 204(3-4), 447-460. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(01)00830-4
Bermudes, J. L., Mario, N., & Alejandra, M. (2017). Effect of temperature and Salinity on larval survival and development of Litopenaeus vannamei. Revista MVZ Córdoba, 22(2), 5844-5853.
Ceballos-Vázquez, B.P., Racotta, I.S., Elorduy-Garay, J.F., 2003. Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of The Ovarian Maturation Process of Penaeus vannamei After A Production Cycle. Invertebr. Reprod. Dev. 43, 9–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/07924259.-2003.9652516
Cock, J., Gitterle, T., Salazar, M., & Rye, M. (2009). Breeding for disease resistance of penaeid shrimps. Aquaculture, 286(1-2), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2008.09.011
FAO. (2022). The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2022. Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations. https://www.fao.org/3/ca9229en/ca9229en.pdf
Gjedrem, T., Robinson, N., & Rye, M. (2012). The importance of Selective Breeding in Aquaculture to Meet Future Demands For Animal Protein: A review. Aquaculture, 350-353, 117-129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2012.04.008
Golden, C. D., Koehn, J. Z., Shepon, A., Passarelli, S., Free, C. M., Viana, D. F., Matthey, H., … Thilsted, S. H. (2021). Aquatic foods to nourish nations. Nature 598, 315–320 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03917-1
Gopal, C., Gopikrishna, G., Krishna, G., Jahageerdar, S. S., Rye, M., Hayes, B. J., Paulpandi, S., ... Kumar, D. (2010). Weight and time of onset of female-superior sexual dimorphism in pond reared Penaeus monodon. Aquaculture, 300: 237-239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2010.01.007
Goyard, E., Patrois, J., Peignon, J. M., Vanaa, V., Dufour, R., & Bedier, E. (2008). Crossbreeding effects for growth and survival in six genetic groups of pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Aquaculture, 278(1-4), 43-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2008.03.017
Hadie, W., Tahapari, E., Hadie, L. E., & Sularto. (2010). Efektivitas persilangan dalam peningkatan produktivitas ikan patin melalui hibridisasi antar spesies. Jurnal Iktiologi Indonesia, 10(2):179-184. https://www.jurnal-iktiologi.org/index.php/jii/article/view/169/150
Hadiyanto. (2013). Nilai ekonomis cacing laut (Annelida : Polychaeta). Jurnal Oseana. 37(2), 23-31.
Huang, Y., Zhixin, Y., & Shaoping, W. (2012). Selective breeding and preliminary commercial performance of Penaeus vannamei for resistance to white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). Aquaculture 364–365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2012.08.002
Kannan, D., Thirunavukkarasu, P., Jagadeesan, K., Shettu, N., & Kumar, A. (2015). Procedure for maturation and spowning of imported shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei in commercial hatchery, South East Coast of India. Fisheries an Aquaculture Journal, 6(4):1-5.
Kasai, H., Mamoru, Y., & Youshio, E. (2002). Disinfection of water for aquaculture. fisheries science, 68(821-824). https://doi.org/10.2331/fishsci.68.sup1_821
Kurniawan, M. D., & Syahputra, T. (2024). Pembenihan udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) South East Asian Aquaculture, 2(1). https://journal.stedca.com/index.php/seaqu/
Madeira, D., Mendonca, V., Dias, M., Roma, J., Costa, P. M., Larguinho, M., Vinagre, C., Diniz, M. S. (2015). Physiological, cellular and biochemical thermal stress response of intertidal shrimps with different vertical distributions: Palaemon elegans and Palaemon serratus. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. a-Mol. Integr. Physiol. 183, 107–115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpa.2014.12.039
Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries. (2023). Indonesian Shrimp Production Report 2023. Jakarta: Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries. https://www.wwf.id/en/blog/ministry-marine-fisheries-and-wwf-indonesia-sign-new-partnership-realize-blue-economy-based
Nawang, A., Trismawati, I., & Parenrengi, A. (2014). Produktivitas telur dan daya tetas induk udang windu (Penaeus monodon) asal Aceh dan Takalar. Prosiding Forum Inovasi Teknologi Akuakultur, 701-707.
Naylor, R., Fang, S., Fanzo, J. (2023). A Global view of aquaculture policy. Food Policy, 116, 102422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2023.102422
Nur, F. A., Surianti., & Sahni, R. (2024). Pertumbuhan larva udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) yang diberi Artemia sp. tersuplementasi nutrien. Jurnal TECHNO-FISH, VIII(2), 149-160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2007.07.218
Nur, I., Iyen, H., & Yusnaini. (2021). The effect of eyestalk ablation on several immunologic variables in Litopenaeus vannamei. Journal of Aquaculture and Fish Health, 10(1). https://doi:10.20473/jafh.v10i1.18926
Pan, L. Q., Zhang, L. J., & Liu, H. Y. (2007). Effects of salinity and ph on ion-transport enzyme activities, survival and growth of Litopenaeus vannamei postlarvae. Aquaculture, 273, 711–720.
Pérez-Rostro, C. I., RamÃrez, J. L., & Ibarra, A. M. (2004). Quantitative genetic parameter estimates for size and growth in the pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) from a factorial mating design. Aquaculture Research, 35(13), 1231-1238. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2004.01141.x
Ren, S., Mather, P. B., Tang, B., & Hurwood, D. A. (2020). Comparison of reproductive performance of domesticated Litopenaeus vannamei females reared in recirculating tanks and earthen ponds: an evaluation of reproductive quality of spawns in relation to female body size and spawning Order. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00560
Sainz-Hernandeza, J. C., Racottab, I. S., Dumas, S., & López, J. H. (2008). Effect of unilateral and bilateral eyestalk ablation in Litopenaeus vannamei male and female on several metabolic and immunologic variables. Aquaculture. 283(1-4),188-193 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/-j.aquaculture.2008.07.002
Scabra, AR. Dkk. 2021. Pengaruh penambahan daun ketapang (Terminalia catappa) terhadap pertumbuhan larva udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) pada salinitas 0 ppt. Jurnal Perikanan,11(2), 218-231. https://doi.org/10.29303/jp.v11i2.258 218
Shin H. S. & Magaly, E. (2023). Genetic parameters for growth and morphological traits of the pacific white shrimp Penaeus vannamei from a selective breeding programme in the industrial sector of ecuador. Aquaculture Reports, 31, 101649. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aqrep.2023.101649
SNI 7311. (2009). Produksi benih udang vaname https://www.academia.edu/download/74924082/-SNI_7311_2009.pdf
Supryady, S., Kurniaji, A., Ihwan, I., Renitasari, D. P., & Nursakinah, N. (2021). Performa reproduksi induk dan tahapan perkembangan larva udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei). Jurnal Airaha,10(02), 202-212.
Wang, Z. L., Qui, Y. X., Yan, M. T., Li, J. Y., Zou, J. X., & Fang, L. F. (2019). Physiological responses of pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei to temperature fluctuation in low-salinity water. Front. Physiol. 10. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2019.01025/pdf
Wardana, R. A. M. GS., Sumarwan, J., Purnomo, S.J. dan Hidding, M. 2021. Performa Induk dan Benih Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) Hasil Pemuliaan dengan Seleksi Famili di BPIU2K Karangasem-Bali. Jurnal Perekayasaan BPIU2K Karangasem, 1-13
Zhang, X., Yuan, J., Sun, Y., Li, S., Gao, Y., Yu, Y., ... & Xiang, J. (2017). Penaeid shrimp genome provides insights into benthic adaptation and frequent molting. Nature Communications, 8(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00324-9
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Buletin Jalanidhitah Sarva Jivitam is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Â
Ketentuan Transfer Hak Cipta
Penulis dalam melakukan submisi secara daring memahami bahwa apabila naskahnya diterima untuk dipublikasi maka hak cipta dari naskah tersebut akan diberikan kepada Buletin Jalanidhitah Sarva Jivitam sebagai penerbit jurnal.
Hak cipta mencakup hak ekslusif untuk mereproduksi dan mendistribusi artikel dalam semua bentuk media, termasuk cetak ulang, foto, mikrofilm, dan reproduksi serupa lainnya, serta terjemahannya.
Â
